3.4 Post-Reading and Exercises

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7.

What diseases can be identified from a patient’s ECG? Why does this inference

from the signal to the heart disease work?

8.

Why do you always need a reference mass to measure potentials? What is meant

by a virtual reference potential?

9.

Describe the differences in measuring potentials at the body surface according to

Einthoven, Goldberger and Wilson.

10. Describe the mechanical process in the heart during a heartbeat. When do the

heart valves open or close and how does the blood flow into the left and right

ventricle respectively?

11. Give a model for simulating the time course of an ECG. What differences in the

parameterisation do you know, what are the consequences?

12. Why is it dangerous if the heart is exposed to a short potential jump?

Taxonomy of Biosignals

1.

Which forms of biosignals do you know, how can they be classified? Give ex-

amples.

2.

Describe the formation of electrical potentials on the body surface for an EMG or

an EEG signal. Are there similarities in terms of the formation of the ECG?

3.

What is meant by an evoked potential? Explain it on the basis of somatic evoked

potentials. Do you know other evoked potentials and possible fields of applica-

tion?

4.

Explain the function of the autonomic nervous system on the basis of the con-

duction of impulses in the heart. What fundamental advantage do you see in the

autonomic form?

5.

Describe Berger’s experiment. Into which other frequency bands can the EEG be

divided, what is their significance?